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Sick leave (or paid sick days or sick pay) is time off from work that workers can use to stay home to address their health and safety needs without losing pay. Paid sick leave is a statutory requirement in many nations around the world. Most European, many Latin American, a few African and a few Asian countries have legal requirements for paid sick leave. Already in 1500 BCE, at least some of the workers who built the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs received paid sick leave as well as state-supported health care. In nations without laws mandating paid sick leave, some employers choose to offer it and others do not. Those that do offer sick leave, do so as a matter of workplace policy or because it is in some or all of the employees' employment contracts or required by a collective bargaining agreement. Currently, only three US states and four US cities have laws mandating paid sick leave. In most US state legislatures there are laws pending that would guarantee paid sick leave. ==Introduction== Paid sick days (also referred to as sick leave or paid sick leave) guarantee workers paid time off to stay home when they are sick. Some policies also allow paid sick time to be used to care for sick family members, to attend routine doctor or medical appointments, or to address health and safety needs related to domestic violence or sexual assault. At least 145 countries ensure access to paid sick days for short- or long-term illnesses, with 127 providing a week or more annually.〔Jody Heymann, Alison Earle, and Jeffrey Hayes, (''The Work, Family and Equity Index: How Does the United States Measure Up?'' ), Institute for Health & Social Policy, 2007.〕 An analysis from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) finds that around 39 percent of American workers in the private sector do not have paid sick leave.〔Bureau of Labor Statistics, (Table 30. Leave benefits: Access, private industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2009 ).〕 Around 79 percent of workers in low-wage industries do not have paid sick time.〔Bureau of Labor Statistics, Table 30.〕 Most food service and hotel workers (78 percent) lack paid sick days.〔Vicky Lovell, Institute for Women’s Policy Research, (''Women and Paid Sick Days: Crucial for Family Well-Being'' ), 2007.〕 One survey reports that 77 percent of Americans believe that having paid sick days is "very important" for workers.〔Tom W. Smith, (''Paid Sick Days: A Basic Labor Standard for the 21st Century'' ), National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, August 2008.〕 Some workers report that they or a family member have been fired or suspended for missing work due to illness.〔Smith, ''Paid Sick Days''.〕 There is also the controversial issue of some employees taking a paid day off as a Mental health day. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sick leave」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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